Who is Allah in Islamic Belief?

In Islamic theology, Allah is regarded as the singular, omnipotent, and omniscient deity, the creator and sustainer of the universe. The name “Allah” is a unique Arabic term that Muslims believe denotes the one true God, distinct from the generic term “God” used in other languages. According to Islamic doctrine, Allah is utterly transcendent, beyond human comprehension, and possesses attributes of absolute perfection.

The Qur’an, which Muslims consider the literal word of Allah revealed to the Prophet Muhammad, extensively details the nature of Allah. He is described through 99 names, or attributes, such as Ar-Rahman (The Most Merciful), Al-Malik (The Sovereign), and Al-Quddus (The Holy). These names highlight various aspects of His nature, including His mercy, justice, and omnipotence​​​​.

Central to Islamic belief is the concept of Tawhid, the oneness of Allah. This principle underscores Allah is singular and unique, without partners or equals. The importance of Tawhid is reflected in the Shahada, the Islamic declaration of faith: “There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah.” This declaration is a fundamental aspect of Muslim identity and belief​​.

The Islamic understanding of Allah also strongly emphasizes His will and sovereignty. Everything that happens in the universe is seen as a manifestation of Allah’s will, and Muslims believe that humans must submit to His will as an act of worship. This submission is encapsulated in the very meaning of the word “Islam,” which means submission to the will of Allah​​.

Summary:

Allah is the central figure in Islamic theology, embodying the singular, omnipotent, and omniscient deity.
Tawhid (the oneness of Allah) is a fundamental principle.
Allah’s attributes are described through 99 names in the Qur’an, reflecting His nature.
The Shahada underscores the centrality of Allah in Islamic belief.